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General Information

Chemical Structure

Chemical structure of PolyTPD, CAS No. 472960-35-3

英國Ossila材料PolyTPD CAS:472960-35-3

Applications

Poly(N,N'-bis-4-butylphenyl-N,N'-bisphenyl)benzidine, also known as polyTPD, is an excellent  hole transport layer material used in photovoltaics such as perovskite solar cells. It has also proven polyTPD is a promising candidate HTL in multilayer WPLEDs because its HOMO level 5.2 eV is very close to the work function of the indium tin oxide ITO/poly3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrenesulfonate PEDOT:PSS anode.

As the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of polyTPD matches well with the VB of the perovskite, which allows for a good transport of holes towards the polyTPD, it is a popular semiconducting material candidate that is used in the HTL of the perovskite structures. And also as the LUMO of polyTPD is significantly closer to vacuum compared with that of the perovskite CB, polyTPD efficiently blocks the flow of electrons [5].

Like PTAA, polyTPD is one of the family members of poly(triaryl)amines.

英國Ossila材料PolyTPD CAS:472960-35-3

Device structure	ITO/PEDOT/PVK:polyTPD (1:1 wt%) 50 nm/PFO:MEH-PPV*(95.5:0.5 wt%) 70 nm/Ca/Al [4]
Color	White
Max. Luminance	~ 5,000 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	3.15 cd/A

Device structure	ITO/P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) (1000 nm)/poly-TPD:F4TCNQ (7%, 70 nm)/ PVK:OXD-7:Ir(ppy)3 (150 nm)/TmPyPB (40 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (150 nm) [7]
Color	Green
Max. Luminance	13,800 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	76.2 cd/A
Max. Power Efficiency	17.1 lm W−1

Device structure	ITO/PEDOT (30 nm)/poly-TPD(40 nm)/ DNA-CTMA*(20 nm)/ PFO:MEH-PPV (70 nm)/Cs2CO3(1 – 2 nm)/Al [2]
Color	White
Max. Luminance	10,500 cd/m2
Max. Current Efficiency	10 cd/A

*For chemical structure informations please refer to the cited references

PolyTPD as a HTL to compare with PDOT:PSS a) 1.0 V in the supporting information and 1.1 V in the body txt of the cited lit. [6]

Literature and Reviews

1. Bright, multicoloured light-emitting diodes based on quantum dots, Q. Sun et al., Nat. Photonics, 1, 717 - 722 (2007); doi:10.1038/nphoton.2007.226.
2. Multilayer white polymer light-emitting diodes with deoxyribonucleic acid-cetyltrimetylammonium complex as a hole-transporting/electronblocking layer, Q. Sun et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 251108 (2008); doi: 10.1063/1.2948864.
3. Electro-optics of perovskite solar cells, Q. Lin et al., Nat. Photonics, 9, 106–112 (2015); doi:10.1038/nphoton.2014.284.
4. Enhanced performance of white polymer light-emitting diodes using polymer blends as hole-transporting layers, Q. Sun et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 153501 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2360248.
5. Perovskite solar cells employing organic charge-transport layers, O. Malinkiewicz et al., Nat. Photonics 8, 128–132 (2014); doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.341.
6. High-Efficiency Solution-Processed Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with a Polymer Hole Transport Layer, D. Zhao et al., Adv. Energy Mater., 5, 1401855 (2015); DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201401855.
7. Solution-Processed Highly Efficient Alternating CurrentDriven Field-Induced Polymer Electroluminescent Devices Employing High- k Relaxor Ferroelectric Polymer Dielectric, Y. Chen et al., Adv. Funct. Mater., 24, 1501–1508 (2014); DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201302587.
8. Pure Formamidinium-Based Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with High Efficiency and Low Driving Voltage, L. Meng et al., Adv. Mater., 29, 1603826 (2017); DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603826.